Biology Project Essays - RTT, Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases

Biology Project Biology Project Bronchitis Bronchitis is an infection of the larger air passages in the lungs. When bronchitis is in your system it connects to the trachea, and gives you a persisting cough. This makes you cough up phlegm as well as sputum. This infection is acquired in mostly babies, smokers, and the elderly. CAUSES- there are many causes for bronchitis the main one is smoking. Getting a cold or the flu are two more possible ways to get bronchitis. Bronchitis is more common to someone who gets the flu rather than a cold. Viral infections trigger the airways to make it more difficult to breathe. There is two different types of bronchitis: Acute and Chronic, Acute is more of a sudden on set and short duration. This is normally a complication of a viral infection such as a cold or the flu.

The Difference Between Of and From

The Difference Between 'Of' and 'From' Many English learners have difficulties understanding the difference between of and from in English. This comes from the fact that a number of languages, like Italian and French and German, use the same preposition for both of and from. For example, in Italian, the phrase I am from Milan or I come from Milan can be translated as, Sono di Milano. The possessive use of of in English can also use the preposition di in Italian. For example, the phrase, Hes a friend of ours can be translated into Italian as, E un amico di noi. In other words, the preposition di in Italian corresponds to the use of both from and of in English. This is true in many languages. In English, however, there is a distinct difference between of and from. Using Of in a Sentence Of is mainly used as a possessive. For example: Hes a friend of mine.The color of the house is red. It is important to remember that it is more common to use the possessive s or the possessive adjective in English than to use of- even if of is grammatically correct. Thus, the sentences above would generally be in these forms: Hes my friend.The houses color is red. Common Phrases With Of Of is also commonly used with all and both to describe a common trait that many objects share. For example: All of the students in the class enjoy volleyball.Both of the assignments are due at the end of the week. Common Phrases With Of Another common phrase with of is one of the superlative form plural noun singular verb. This phrase is commonly used to focus on a specific object that stands out from a group. Notice that although the plural noun is used, the singular phrase takes the singular conjugation of the verb because the subject is One of the.... For example: One of the most interesting things about my job is the people I meet.One of the most difficult subjects for me is math. Using From in a Sentence From is generally used to express that something originates from something else, that something comes from somewhere, or some person. For example: Jack comes from Portland.This formula derives from the work of Peter Schimmel.This pearl comes from the South Pacific. Common Phrases With From From can also be used with the prepositions to and until to mark the beginning and ending point of time of an action or state. Generally, from...to is used with past tenses, while from...until is used when speaking about future actions. However, from...to can be used in most situations. For example: I played tennis from two to four in the afternoon yesterday.We are meeting in Chicago from Monday until Thursday. Understanding the difference between of  and from can be tricky at first for ESL students, but like all commonly-confused words, the difference between them becomes more clear the more they are used.

Early Modern Revolutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Early Modern Revolutions - Essay Example After a discussion on these questions, this paper finally ends with a short conclusion. To understand the concept of revolution, it said that it is best to postpone any attempt to define it until one has inquired into its history. A revolution must not be considered as timeless thing that is wanting of change and variety. Like all human artifacts revolution has a history; therefore, one's understanding of revolution must be sensitive to those changes. Relative to this discussion are the views of revolutionists Max Weber and Friedrich Nietzsche during their time.1 Weber (1864-1920) said, "Definition can be attempted, if at all, only at the conclusion of the study." Meanwhile, Nietzsche (1844-1900) held that "only that which has no history can be defined."2 To understand then a revolution, we look to its history. Both the American and French revolutions happened in the late 18th centuries. Although the two revolutions took place at different occasions and different continents, their causes were very much alike. The American and French Revolutions did acutally both begin with conservative intentions. The Americans wished, they said, to go back to the working arrangement that they had had with the British state since the seventeenth century. On the other hand, the French wished to restore power to the old institutions of the parliaments and the Estates-General. In both cases the revolution rapidly went beyond these conservative premises, to the alarm of many who began the revolution.3 A new concept of revolution arose in the course of these revolutions. Tom Paine, whose pamphlet Common Sense (1776) called the American Revolution as "the birth-day of a new world," went on in The Rights of Man (1791-1792) to see the French and American Revolutions as jointly introducing a truly "age of Revolutions, in which everything may be looked for." Paine4 said - "What were formerly called Revolutions, were little more than a change of persons, or an alteration of local circumstances. They rose and fell like things, of course, and had nothing in their existence or their fate that could influence beyond the spot that produced them. But what we now see in the world, from the Revolutions of America and France, are a renovation of the natural order of things, a system of principles as universal as truth and the existence of man, and combining moral with political happiness and national prosperity." (Paine, 1984 ed., p. 144) Revolution has come to mean the action of human will and human reason upon an imperfect and unjust world, to bring into being the good society, a world of reality.5 At this point, the powerful writing of Sieys (In Whitcomb, 1899)6 can come full to render insights on man's "acting upon an imperfect and unjust world to bring into being the good society." Sieys,7 was said to be the spokesman of the Third Estate in the preliminary struggle for the organization. He wrote about public functions in which he said that the Third Estate attends to nineteen-twentieths of them, with this distinction: "that it is laden with all that which is really painful, with all the burdens which the privileged classes refuse to carry." And then he asked, "Do we give the Third Estate credit for this" He continued - That this might come about, it would be necessary that the Third Estate should refuse to fill these places, or that it should be less ready to exercise their

Public Speaking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Public Speaking - Essay Example The truth is that the basic and daily communication amounts to some form of public speaking only that there is no conscious effort to perfect on it (Scherer and Volk, 2011). This paper will explore a few aspects of public speaking like the importance of public speaking, anxiety and skills and techniques of public speaking. Efficiently delivered speech is one that effectively communicates to the audience. Excellence public speaking has, for many people, defined their success or failure. First, public speaking enhances self confidence which boosts self esteem (Scherer and Volk, 2011). One is able to feel more comfortable interacting with people around them. Effective public speaking means better delivery of the message. For an employee, one stands above the rest and is more promotable to manage higher responsibilities owing to the confidence portrayed and the perception of being more knowledgeable. Knowledge increases owing to the fact that one researches deeply for every topic of discussion. Therefore, it is highly beneficial for one to speak in public as many times as opportunities may allow. The common problem with many people is the management of their anxiety while in front of gazing eyes and attentive ears. One all over sudden loses control of body actions at the most critical moment. One starts to sweat from everywhere; hands, face, feet and armpits and so on. The mouth mysteriously runs dry while the knees feel weak and start shaking. The heart beats faster and harder and the stomach feels full with butterflies and the voice becomes distorted (Bodie, 2010). This problem is best solved by properly and fully researching beforehand one’s topic and audience since this will create confidence. One needs also to set the goal of offering the best speech and focus on doing it and when a flaw happens, one should just proceed. In short, when delivering a speech, one needs to hold positive

Introduction to Business Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Introduction to Business Accounting - Essay Example Secondly, there are different ways of calculating same ratios, which makes the comparison difficult, and interpretation is subjective too (Wiley 1998). This is important as comparison between companies and industries becomes difficult as they use different definitions of accounting items, which are part of the financial ratio analysis. Thirdly, when industry analysis is done using ratio analysis then it is often difficult to define the set of companies that may be considered to be in direct competition with the company and thus makes comparison quite subjective. Fourthly, there are some financial elements, which are based on estimations and thus can affect the outcome of ratio analysis. Finally, difference in accounting standards and policies of companies and country of origins makes the comparison difficult (Keown, et al. 2005). The Income Statement provides information regarding the companys performance over an accounting period (Dodge 1997). It provides details of the revenues generated by business and cost of operations to generate those revenues. The different between revenue and cost of sales is referred to as gross profit. Moreover, it provides information regarding expenses incurred by the company over the period, which may be variable or fixed in relation to the revenues generated. After deduction of expenses from the gross profit from operations or profit before interest and tax is derived. The next information element that the income statement provides is the amount of interest paid by the company in lieu of its debt obligations. Then the tax amount is disclosed which is deducted from profit amount to arrive at profits from continuing operations. Any receipt or payment related to extraordinary items activities is added or subtracted to derive net profit attributable to common shareholders and mino rity shareholders. It also gives information related

What Are The Motivations Of Dark Tourists?

What Are The Motivations Of Dark Tourists? On the 27th of April 2008, Josef Fritzl was arrested in Amstetten, a small town in Austria. It has shown that Fritzl sexually abused his daughter, Elisabeth, since she was eleven years old. When she was eighteen years old he locked her up in the basement underneath his house. Fritzl forced his daughter Elisabeth to write a letter to her mother where she stated that she had run away from home and joined a sect. The sexual abuse led to the birth of seven children. Three of these children were raised by Elisabeth in the basement and the other three were raised by Fritzl and his wife. One of the children died a few days after it was born. Furthermore, Fritzl convinced his wife that the three children they raised were exposed by Elisabeth. When one of the children that lived in the basement, the at that time nineteen-year-old Kersten, got ill Elisabeth convinced her father that she needed to be hospitalized. Because Kersten was not registered anywhere, one of the doctors informed the auth orities. After this, Elisabeth saw a program on the television in her basement that made a call up for the mother of Kersten. Then she convinced her father to bring her to the hospital, which led to the hearings of Fritzl and Elisabeth and the confessions of the cruelties that took place. After twenty-four years Elisabeth was freed from the basement and reunited with all her children (Wikipedia, 2010). This affair has received tremendous attention in the media and therefore the case is known all over the world. The affaire encompasses a painful and shameful episode on a national and local basis. Furthermore, the house of Fritzl has become a touristic attraction. Amstetten is dealing with an increasing amount of tourists that come to visit the house. When tourists visit the house, they often take photos of the house and of themselves in front of it. The articles on the internet show that the local authorities find this shocking (HLN, 2010). The phenomenon that people visit places that are associated with death, suffering and violence can be described as dark tourism. Thanatourism is a similar concept and also involves the visiting of locations associated with death and suffering, but an emphasis is placed upon symbolically experiencing a painful death. Another related concept is black spots, which can be described as commercial cemeteries of famous people or locations where death an d suffering took place. The house of Fritzl belongs to such places and visiting this location fits the description of dark tourism and thanatourism. The house of Fritzl, where the abuse and cruelties took place, can be seen as a symbolic reflection of this affaire and its tragic events. Furthermore, the house serves as a tangible object that invokes the memory of the Fritzl-affaire (Yull, 2003: 10-13; Logan en Reeves, 2009: 1-3; Rojek, 1993: 136). The phenomenon that people visit the house of Fritzl inspired me to formulate the following research question: What are the motivations of dark tourists? The case of the house of J. Fritzl in Amstetten. It is interesting to find out why tourists visit the house, if the media attention has played a role in the decision of people to visit the house and if certain characteristics, such as age and gender, affect the motivation of these visitors. The case of Fritzl offers a fascinating and recent case to go more in-depth into the motivations of dark tourists. Scientific and Social Relevance The scientific relevance of this research question lies in the fact that the subject of dark tourism is relatively new within the academic field. Several articles have been published on this topic, but as Stone (2006) argues: despite this increasing attention the dark tourism literature remains both eclectic and theoretical fragile (Stone, 2006: 145). Some researchers have already focused on visitor motivations of dark tourist sites. For example, Yull (2003) investigated why people visit the Holocaust Museum in Houston. However, according to Stone (2006) and Sharpley (2009) research first and foremost has focused on describing the different dark tourist sites, rather than on the consumption and experiences of visitors. This research will contribute to the understanding of visitor participation in dark tourism by taking the visitors of the house of Fritzl as the focal point of this research. Furthermore, the existing research has not focused on the motivations of visitors to dark tour ist sites, comparable to the house of Fritzl and therefore this research will add to and fill the gap in the existing literature. The social relevance of this research is harder to determine. However, finding out what the motivations of visitors are, might provide useful and relevant information for directly involved parties, other than the scientific community. For example, this information could offer the local community of Amstetten and (in)direct victims of this case a better understanding of what is going on and with what reasons people visit this site of horror. For example visitors might be motivated to visit this place to pay respect to the victims or remember the cruelties that took place, instead of entertainment purposes. Furthermore, the results of this research could even be relevant to society as a whole, since dark sites similar to the house of Fritzl seem to increasingly pop up and attract visitors world-wide. This research seeks to provide insights into why people a re motivated to visit these morbid locations. Theoretical Concepts and Hypothesized Relations As mentioned previously, several theoretical concepts are related to the phenomenon where people visit places associated with pain, death and suffering. Academic attention to this phenomenon increased in the twentieth century and several theoretical concepts were introduced. These concepts are black spots (Rojek, 1993), dark tourism (Lennon and Foley, 1996: in Yull, 2003) and thanatourism (Seaton, 1996: in Sharpley, 2009). These dark concepts will be briefly discussed in a more or less chronicle order, based on introduction in the literature. Another concept of importance for this research is visitor motivations (Sharpley, 2009: 12-15). Dark Concepts Black Spots Rojek (1993) coined the term black spots and argues that these locations involve commercial cemeteries of famous people or sites where death and suffering took place. In his research, Rojek (1993) also mentions that people increasingly visit these dark sites and that entrepreneurs initiate tours around these black spots. Examples of black spots are the concentration camp Auschwitz-Birkenau in Oswiecim-Brzezinka, Ground Zero in New York and the location where Princess Diana got killed in a car crash (Rojek, 1993: 136-145). Dark Tourism and Thanatourism Visiting places associated with death, pain and suffering is becoming increasingly popular. However, Sharpley (2009) argues that this is not a new phenomenon. In the Roman Empire, it was a common form of entertainment to attend a gladiators match. Another example are the public executions in the Middle Ages. Traveling to places where death and suffering are central elements can be defined as dark tourism. Furthermore, it involves consuming real or simulated places of death and horror. Visiting these places where actual cruelties took place by relatives or friends of the victims cannot be seen as a form of dark tourism. Thanatourism is a concept which strongly relates to dark tourism and was introduced in the literature in the same year as dark tourism. Thanatourism entails the visiting of locations associated with death and suffering, where visitors want to symbolically experience a painful death. This description points more to the motivations of visitors of dark sites. However, the term dark tourism is usually used in the academic field and no distinction is made between the concepts dark tourism and thanatourism. Therefore, I will use the term dark tourism in this research and make no difference between dark tourism and thanatourism (Lennon en Foley, 2000: 3-5; Yull, 2003: 10, 11; Sharpley, 2009: 3-19). Dark tourism involves the actual visiting of black spots. There are different black spots which are visited daily by tourists and therefore belong to sites of dark tourism. Furthermore, several tours are initiated around dark sites. Commercial motives, in terms of entrance fees, are often involved. Examples are the Jack the Ripper tour in London or the tour in Charleroi which shows you, among other dark sites, the house of the famous kidnapper and child molester Marc Dutroux. Visiting morbid museums, old prisons or battle field fall also under the category dark tourism. As discussed previously, the house of Fritzl fits the description of a black spots and inc reasingly attracts visitors. This research seeks to understand the motivations of these visitors (Stone, 2006: 145, 146, 152; HLN, 2010). Visitor Motivations For this research it is necessary to include visitor motivations as a theoretical concept. Motivations of individuals to visit regular tourist places include getting acquainted with other cultures and increase ones knowledge about these locations. Furthermore, motivations often involve entertainment purposes, such as having fun or seeking adventure. Relaxation, revitalization, being active and get close to nature are also common incentives to visit a certain location (Kozak, 2002: 225). However, these motivations of regular touristic locations might differ from motivations of tourists that visit black spots. Unfortunately, few literature is available that focus on visitor motivations of dark tourists. The literature that is accessible, uses similar research questions to the one is used in this research. Yull (2003) studied the motivations of dark tourists and focused more specifically on the motivations of visitors of the Holocaust Museum in Houston. Niemelà ¤ (2010) focused on visi tor motivations of the House of Terror museum in Budapest. This museum is built to remember the tortured and killed people during World War II. In addition, Poria, Reichel and Biran (2006) chose to investigate the motivations of the visitors of the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam. Although the dark tourist locations used in these researches are museums associated with death and suffering and therefore differ from the dark site that is used in this research, similar motivations may be found. If different motivations are found, it could be argued that this difference is dependent on the specific dark tourist site. According to Yull (2003), motivations of dark tourist could involve entertainment purposes, such as providing a thrill, a novel experience or adventure. Furthermore, remembering the victims and the cruelties that took place or curiosity can also be motivations of tourist that visit the house of Fritzl. Although education might be more suitable as a motivation to visit a museum associated with death and suffering, individuals can also visit the house of Fritzl to learn something. For example, visitors might want to enrich their knowledge about the Fritzl-affaire. In addition, Niemelà ¤ (2010) argues that emotional involvement might also play a role in the motivations of dark tourists. Visitors might identify or have a personal connection with the cruelties that took place. Moreover, Poria, Reichel and Biran (2006) include two more motivations; tourists might visit a dark site, because it is famous or because they feel that the site is historically important (Yull, 2003: 146-159, 191-199; Niemelà ¤, 2010: 37; Poria, Reichel and Biran, 2006: 322). The media play an important role within the field of dark tourism. The media can report tragic events that take place all over the world. The attention that the media pay to tragic and horrible events serve as a stimulation for flows of tourism. Furthermore, media has the capacity to bring dark tourism sites to public consciousness (Yull, 2003: 125). Additionally, Lennon and Foley (2000) argue that the attention of the media to specific dark sites, might motivate individuals to visit the location in order to experience the reality behind the media representations. Since, the Fritzl-affaire received tremendous attention in the media, it will be likely that this attention has an influence on the motivation of visitors (Stone, 2009: 57; Seaton, 2009: 90; 95, 106; Lennon and Foley, 2000: 152). Operationalization of Theoretical Concepts In this section, the operationalization of the theoretical concepts will be discussed. To answer the question What are the motivations of dark tourists? The case of the house of J. Fritzl in Amstetten, I will conduct qualitative semi-structured interviews  [1]  with visitors of the house of Fritzl in Amstetten. This implies that a topic list will be made, consisting of topics that will be addressed in the interview. However, the order in which the topics will be discussed is not fixed and if necessary, the interviewer will probe for more information and adapt to new themes that are brought up by the interviewees. Furthermore, the interviewer can adapt to the level of comprehension of the respondents. The questions will be open, which means that no answer categories will be made (t Hart, Boeije and Hox, 2007: 274, 275; Gilbert, 2001: 123, 124). Several topics that will be addressed in the interview are outlined. First of all, it is important to include demographic factors of the v isitors, such as age, the country the interviewee lives in and the highest obtained level of education (primary school or less, secondary school, intermediate vocational training, higher vocational training, college or post graduate). Furthermore, the gender of the respondent will be noted during the interview. These demographic factors are included, because they are important background variables and might affect the motivations people have to visit the house of Fritzl. Other topics that will be included will focus upon the motivations of visitors of the house of Fritzl in Amstetten. It will be asked what attracted the visitors to visit Amstetten and what their primary reason is for visiting this town. I will seek to explore whether visitors come specifically for the house or if they have other motives or more than one reason to visit this town. Then, I will focus on the topic of why people visit the house of Fritzl. Although, similar answers to the research on dark tourist motivations described above maybe found, such as entertainment, curiosity, remembrance of the victims and cruelties that took place, emotional involvement, historical importance of the site or its fame, unexpected answers also need to be taken into account. Furthermore, it is essential to go in-depth into the answers and ask for further elaboration if necessary. Additionally, it needs to be explored whether visitors have multiple motivations to visit the house of Fritzl. Seeking to understand motivations of visitors of the house of Fritzl, demands for adapting to possible unexpected answers and the skills to react to this situation adequately. Furthermore, the role of the media will be addressed. Central themes will be, whether visitors are familiar with and interested in the Fritzl-affaire, if they have followed the case in the news, documentaries or on the internet. This will seek to explore whether media attention to the Fritzl-affaire affects the tourists in their motivation to visit the house. Next, I will focus upon if the visitors have previously visited other dark locations, where cruelties have taken place. It will be interesting to find out if there is a relationship between visiting the house of Fritzl and other dark locations and if we are dealing with tourists that have an interest in visiting dark sites in general. Plan for Data Collection For this research, the visitors of the house of Fritzl in Amstetten are the objects of study. Hence, it is necessary to come into contact with these visitors. For this research I choose to use qualitative semi-standardized interviews to answer the research question. Qualitative methods are used when a certain research topic is relatively new and unexplored. Furthermore, qualitative methods offer the possibility to go more in-depth into specific aspects of a certain phenomenon. Baarda, de Goede and van der Meer-Middelburg (1996) argue that qualitative interviews are a suitable method when ideas, motivations, opinions and experiences need to be investigated. Since this research seeks to explore the motivations of visitors of the house of Fritzl in Amstetten, it fits this description (t Hart et al. 2007: 253; Baarda et al. 1996: 18-20). I choose to use semi-structured, one-to-one interviews. This implies that topics will be formulated and addressed in the interview. Besides demographic questions, specific questions, answer categories or the order of the questions will not be fixed in advance. This gives the interviewer the opportunity to probe for more information if necessary or reflexively respond to new themes that might be brought up. This reflexive approach is essential, since motivations of dark tourists is relatively unexplored, especially in regard to locations comparable to the house of Fritzl. This may result in unexpected answers to be brought up. When standardized methods are used, this will not be possible. One-to-one interviews are used, because the interviewees will not be influenced by the opinions of others and may give them the feeling to speak more openly about their motivation(s). Furthermore, confidentiality and anonymity of the data will be guaranteed (Baarda et al., 1996: 18-24, 26-28; t Hart et al. 2007: 254, 261, 262, 267; Gilbert, 2001: 123-129). To interview the research participants of this research it is necessary to go to Amstetten, w hich is roughly a nine hour drive from Rotterdam. I will spend three days around the house of Fritzl and I will approach the visitors that come by. I will ask them if they are willing to participate in this research. This research requires purposive sampling, because I assume that only a small group of visitors of the house of Fritzl is accessible in these three days and this group will be likely to represent the visitors as a whole. Furthermore, using a probability sample is often unrealistic for small-scale or qualitative research (Gilbert, 2001: 62). The duration of the interview will be approximately twenty minutes and the amount of interviewees will depend on the willingness to participate. The aim will be to conduct ten to twenty interviews. Furthermore, the interviews will be recorded. Gilbert (2001) argues that recording is recommendable, especially when conducting non-standardized or semi-structured interviews. This, because this type of carrying out interviews requires an active participation of the interviewer within the conversation. By recording the interview, the data wont be lost and in contrast to making notes it wont obstruct or slow down the dialogue. It also signals that the responses of the respondents are taking seriously. Of course, the use of recording will be explained to the interviewees and their approval will be asked. Directly after the interview, notes will be made about the setting, the interview and the interviewee which can be used to recall the context of the particular interview (t Hart et al. 2007: 268-270; Gilbert, 2001: 61-63, 135-137). Plan for Data Analysis When the data is collected, the analysis of the data will begin. First of all, the recorded interviews will be verbatim transcribed. I choose to write down everything that is said, because then data wont get lost that might be of significance when the research progresses. Although, transcribing everything is time-consuming and labor-intensive, the low quantity of interviews makes it possible to do so. Furthermore, transcribing the data allows you to get familiar with the data and it helps facilitating thoughts and ideas about possible connections and underlying themes. Before analyzing, the transcripts will be checked by listening to the recordings once more and by carefully reading the written text. The demographic characteristics of the respondents will be shown on the first page of the transcripts. After this, I will offer the transcript to the respondents, so that accuracy can be checked and comments can be made. This improves reliability and validity of the answers (Gilbert, 200 1: 134-137). The transcripts will be read repeatedly with the aim to identify underlying themes and connections. By comparing and contrasting fragments within interviews and between interviews, fragments with an underlying connection will be categorized and labeled. Furthermore, it will show whether the earlier described motivations are found in the transcripts, or if new themes will be discovered. Similarities and dissimilarities between different respondents may emerge and might relate to their demographic characteristics. Eventually, the codified themes will be linked and compared to draw a full picture of the motivations of visitors of the house of Fritzl in Amstetten and answer the research question (Gilbert, 2001: 137, 138; t Hart et al. 2007: 176, 277). Discussion Gilbert (2008) describes six properties that a research question should have. The research question should be interesting, relevant, concise, answerable, feasible and ethical. For this research it is necessary to address two of these properties more in-depth, which are the feasibility of this research and its ethical dimensions. The research question, What are the motivations of dark tourists? The case of the house of J. Fritzl in Amstetten, is feasible to the extent that it can be answered within a relatively short period of time and with relatively low costs. Furthermore, the research participants are accessible. However, the search for visitors of the house of Fritzl might show difficulties. For this research I will spend three days around the house of Fritzl and approach the tourists that will visit the house. However, it is possible that on these particular days there will be no visitors at all. Consequently, finding research participants might be time-consuming and unpleasant ( Gilbert, 2008: 48). According to Gilbert (2008), it is of importance to take into account the ethical dimensions of a research question. While no specific approval is needed from institutions to conduct this research, this research involves a certain sensitivity. The reason for this, is that this study focuses upon an affair where people suffered and were mistreated. Therefore, this affair is sensitive to victims or relatives of these victims. Furthermore, this case might be sensitive to the neighboring residents or the whole community of Amstetten. Spending three days in front of the house of Fritzl to gather the research participants might be offensive to the residents. For example, they might be upset or feel that their privacy is violated. Consequently, it is necessary to work with discretion. Eventual publication of this research also involves ethical implications. Publication might cause harm to the different parties involved (Gilbert, 2008: 48, 49; Gilbert, 2001: 49-53). A la st brief comment I would like to make is about the weaknesses of Literature Baarda, D.B., de Goede, M.P.M. van der Meer-Middelburg, A.G.E. 1996. Basisboek Open Interviewen. Groningen: Stenfert Kroese. Gilbert, N. 2001. Researching Social Life (2nd edition). London: Sage Publications. Gilbert, N. 2008. Researching Social Life (3d edition). London: Sage Publications. t Hart, H., Boeije, H. Hox, J. 2007. Onderzoeksmethoden. Amsterdam: Boom onderwijs. Kozak, M. 2003. Comparative analysis of tourist motivations by nationality and destinations. Tourism Management 23, 221-232. Lennon, J.J. Foley, M. 2000. Dark Tourism: The Attraction of Death and Disaster. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning. Logan, W. Reeves, K. 2009. Places of Pain and Shame: Dealing with Difficult Heritage. USA/Canada: Routledge. Niemelà ¤, T. 2010. Motivation Factors in Dark Tourism: Case: House of Terror. https://publications.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/14984/Niemela_Titta.pdf?sequence=3 6 October 2010 Poria, Y., Reichel, A. Biran, A. 2006. Heritage Site Perceptions and Motivations to Visit. Journal of Travel Research 44, 318-326. Rojek, C. 1993. Ways of Escape: Modern Transformations in Leisure and Travel. London: The MacMillian Press. Sharpley, R. 2009. Shedding Light on Dark Tourism: An Introduction. In: R. Sharpley P.R. Stone. The Darker Side of Travel: The Theory and Practice of Dark Tourism. Bristol: Channel View Publications, 3-22. Stone, P.R. 2006. A dark tourism spectrum: Towards a typology of death and macabre related tourist sites, attractions and exhibitions. Tourism 54 (2), 145-160. Stone, P.R. 2009. Dark Tourism: Morality and New Moral Spaces. In: R. Sharpley P.R. Stone. The Darker Side of Travel: The Theory and Practice of Dark Tourism. Bristol: Channel View Publications, 56-74. Yull, S.M. 2003. Dark Tourism: Understanding Visitor Motivation at Sites of Death and Disaster. http://etd.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/89/YUILL-THESIS.pdf?sequence=1. 7 October 2010 Websites HLN, 2010 http://www.hln.be/hln/nl/960/Buitenland/article/detail/314386/2008/06/16/Toeristen-op-de-foto-voor-horrorkelder.dhtml 6 October 2010 HLN, 2010 http://www.hln.be/hln/nl/1901/reisnieuws/article/detail/269697/2008/05/08/Ramptoerisme-bij-Oostenrijks-gruwelhuis.dhtml 6 October 2010 Wikipedia, 2010 http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritzl-incestzaak 6 October 2010

Social Captial: Richardo D. Stanton-Salazar and Douglas Foley :: essays research papers

For this critical analysis, the first article I have chosen to evaluate â€Å"A Social Capital Framework for Understanding the Socialization of Racial Minority Children and Youths† by Richardo D. Stanton-Salazar. This article surprised me in various ways and gave me mixed emotions. The author details a network-analytic framework to understand the socialization and schooling experiences of working-class racial minority youth. Stanton-Salazar examined the relationships between youth and institutional agents which plays in the greater multicultural context in which working-class minority youth must negotiate. Stanton-Salazar also provides how students developed cultural strategies to overcome the various obstacles and how they manage to develop sustaining and supportive relationships with institutional agents. Right in the beginning of the article, Stanton-Salazar used a terminology that surprised me. He referred to African American and Latino children as living in â€Å"economically disenfranchised urban communities†. I immediately thought, â€Å"What is that!? It’s just a prettier way of sugar coating the terminology of the truth of where children live†¦in the ghetto!† For some reason, the terminology he used upset me. Why didn’t Stanton-Salazar use vocabulary that the rest of the world is banked to using instead of hiding behind his fancy college degrees? That just bothered me because in reality, there is no nice way of stating the fact and it surely doesn’t help the problem in any way. Moving on, Stanton-Salazar states â€Å"contemporary scholars who study minority children and youth have tried to address the lack of attention to racial variations in socialization, bringing light the developmental challenges this group faces†¦Ã¢â‚¬  If I’m reading the statement correctly, I believe that it’s quite the opposite. I think that society addresses ethnicity first and foremost. The ethnicity of any minority group is the first to obtain any attention and it descends in a downward spiral from there. Continuing with the reading, Stanton-Salazar quotes another individual, Sennett and Cobb, â€Å"the power of institutional agents lies in their ability to give or withhold knowledge† which results in the institutional playing a game of who’s going to be successful in society or fail. People who might withhold information may have something against a student or may think that he/she would benefit from the resource than another student. In reading this statement, it got me thinking about when I was a student in high school. Long story short, I had teachers and counselors hold back information from me that would have been useful to me now.

A Brothers Murder

Anthony Tooke Turner English 80 September 2, 2012 â€Å"A Brother’s Murder† A Brother’s Murder† by Brent Staples is about two brothers that grew up together. Staples left his hometown for ten years to better himself. Staples later came to find out his brother was killed by his best friend over a girl. I understand why he made that decision because it was either he leave or end up dead. Brent Staples left his home to achieve success. In order for Staples to achieve success he felt like he needed to leave home.Staples didn’t want his past to affect who he was trying to become. As he said in the essay â€Å"I added a psychological dimension to the physical distance that I had already achieved I rarely visited my hometown† (Staples 361). Staples thought that if he could add this dimension to his life then he would be able to help his brother out. I understand why he wanted to block out his past. Some of the people I’ve hung out with did thi ngs I disagreed with.I had to lose connections with them to better myself. Staples wanted to leave his hometown to achieve success in his life. He wanted to better himself. I understand why Staples did what he did, it was either him staying at his hometown or he move to better himself to help his little brother. I can connect to this essay because I had to make sacrifices hanging out with the kids in the neighborhood to brighten my future. It is important to me because we seem to let our past affect our future.

Scope And Delimitation Of Gadgets Research Paper Example

Scope And Delimitation Of Gadgets Research Paper Example Scope And Delimitation Of Gadgets Paper Scope And Delimitation Of Gadgets Paper Results for scope and delimitation of gadgets Displaying 1 30 of 1,500 Scope And Delimitation measures can we create to avoid redundancy of debtors files? The proposed system, Money Lending Information System will Scope And Delimitation Scope and Delimitation Scope In our payroll system the master file records contains the employee management which the HR could add, edit or delete them. This study is limited to the evaluation of the academic performance between the participants that follow the Asian Pop Culture music scene Academic Performance And Use Of Electronic Gadgets Among Secondary Students parents as well on the limitations of use of electronic gadgets. Scope and Delimitations The study is conducted to determine the academic performance. Scope circumstances beyond your control; others derive from the way you define the scope and delimitations. Interviewing only current residents prevents you from knowing Thesis Pattern to see how far weve come. At the turn of the 21st century, we have created gadgets that are much more suited to the modern world. Portable laptops, mobile phones published this no reads no comments Add to your reading list Conceptual Framework CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Asia Novotel Online Reservation System SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY These are the published this no readsno comments Add to your reading list Wireless Broadband General Problem. Thesis On Video Games or indirectly affect the risk and return on their investments. 1. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION: The study has been undertaken to explore potential customers Thesis SALES AND INVENTORY SYSTEM WITH SMS OF RAW MATERIALS FOR GINTONG SILANGAN MERCHANTS, INCORPORATED A Thesis Presented to The Department of Information published this no readsno comments Add to your reading list Mythesis an accurate and efficient computation of time in and time-out Scope and Delimitation The study delimits the records of employees time schedule by using Thesis Proposal On e- Library society, human productivity is made more efficient through the development of electronic gadgets.

Gender Communication Styles

Gender Communication Styles Free Online Research Papers When we are talking about gender communications is there a difference between both men and women? According to the text men use an instrumental style of communication. Instrumental style of communication for men is to focus on identifying goals and finding a solution. Women communicate in an expressive style. The expressive style involves emotions and having a perspective that is sensitive to how others feel (Ashford, LeCroy, Lortie, 2006). Dr Deborah Tannen wrote the book You just Don’t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation. Although gender differences do exist between men the difference is more sexual stereotyping (Ashford, et al.). Because of the differences in communication women are more than likely able to discuss intimate topics and confide in their personal lives than men do. Men seldom maintain an intimate conversation and are less likely to discuss their personal lives in the way that women do (Ashford, et al.). Difference in Communication When men communicate they communicate to report facts and in short phases with little or no details. Women, on the other hand, will communicate to build lots of rapport and a lot of details. First and foremost men want the â€Å"bottom line† followed up with more details since they have met their bottom line. This is the opposite for women as they will need to build up to the bottom line, as their enjoyment comes from telling a story (Burress, 2008). The enjoyment of women telling the story leading up to the bottom line often becomes frustrating for men, which often lead into disagreements. In order for both men and women to communicate effectively, it is necessary to change the approach by women changing their bottom line first and men giving the women more details to fulfill the women’s needs (Burress, 2008). The communication gap between men and women goes far beyond the obvious. On average women use 25,500 words a day while men will only use 12,500 in a day. On average women will maintain eye contact while speaking for twelve seconds while men will only maintain eye contact for three seconds. If men were to change eye contact and words that women need to hear then one will find that there is less disagreements and hurt feelings will be minimal (Burress, 2008). There are studies that indicate that women, more than men, are sensitive to interpersonal meanings that lie â€Å"between the lines† in the messages they exchange with their mates. The societal expectations of women make them more responsible for regulating intimacy or how close they allow others to come (Torppa, 2002). Men on the other hand, than women, are more sensitive to â€Å"between the lines meanings† about their status. The societal expectations for men are that they must negotiate hierarchy, or who’s the captain or who’s the crew. These differences between interpersonal vs. status implications of messages will typically lead women to expect their relationship to be based on interdependence (mutual dependence) and cooperation (Torppa, 2002). Women will emphasize similarities between themselves and others, and make decisions that make everyone happy. Men, on the other hand, will more frequently emphasize themselves and others, but often make decisions based on their personal needs and desires (Torppa, 2002). How are these differences seen in marriages between men and women? In ways that both men and women communicate! Women are more relationship specialist while men tend to be task specialist. Women are typically the â€Å"rapport talk† which refers to the types of communication that build, maintain, and strengthen relationships. Men are typically the experts in task accomplishment and addressing questions about facts. Rapport talk reflects the skills of being competitive, lacking sentimentally, analyzing, and focusing on task accomplishments (Torppa, 2002). Conflicts in Relationships People have conflicts in everyday life and a relationship with frequent conflicts will be a healthier one than one with no observable conflict. Conflicts happen at work, among friends, within families and between relationship partners. When a conflict happens within a relationship this can either weaken it or strengthen it (Bellafiore, 2007). Thus a conflict is a critical event in the course of a relationship. Conflicts can cause resentment, hostility, and even the ending of a relationship. If they are handled well then the conflict can be productive and lead one into a deeper understanding, mutual respect, and closeness. If the relationship is healthy or unhealthy this is dependent on how the conflicts are resolved between relationships (Bellafiore, 2007). Sometimes people may shy away form a conflict, and their reason for this is numerous. People may feel that their underlying anger may go out of control if they start a conflict. Because of this people may see conflicts as an all-or-nothing situation. It will either end up where they avoid it all together or end up in a combative mode (Bellafiore, 2007). Another reason a person will find it difficult to face conflicts because they may feel inadequate in general or in a particular relationship. Some will have difficulty in positively asserting their views and feelings. For children who are surrounded by destructive conflict, when they become adults, they may never participate in a discord (Bellafiore, 2007). People will adopt a number of ways to facing conflict. For one, it is very common to see a person avoid or deny the existence of a conflict. Usually in this case the conflict will linger in the background during interaction between the participants and creates a potential for further tension or conflict (Bellafiore, 2007). Another response style to conflict is that of one person getting mad and blaming the other person. This can occur when a person mistakenly equates conflict with their anger. If anger is used then all this will do is to increase the degree of friction between the two participants, and this will do nothing to resolve the conflict (Bellafiore, 2007). A third way some people resolve conflict is by using power and influence to win at the other’s expense. They welcome the conflict because it allows their competitive impulses to emerge, but what they fail to understand that the conflict is not resolved and this will cause the â€Å"loser’ to harbor resentment (Bellafiore, 2007). Some people appear to compromise in resolving the conflict, but they subtly manipulate the other person, which in turn, perpetuates the conflict between both parties and will also compromise their trust between them (Bellafiore, 2007). There are better ways to handle interpersonal conflict. In conclusion, no matter what communication style there is both men and women will communicate in different ways. Men will take the approach of instrumental communication style where they want the answer right away and establish their hierarchy. Women, on the other hand, will be more of an expressive style of communication as they will be able to confide to others and are more sensitive to issues than men and they will be able to build, maintain, and strengthen their relationship. There are also different ways in which people try to avoid conflict. They will deny the existence of a conflict, or get mad and blame the other for the conflict. Then there are other people who will influence and use their power to win a conflict. The only way for relationships to endure a conflict is to keep it rational, without yelling, or both parties come to a compromise to end the conflict. References Ashford, J. B, LeCroy, G. W., Lortie, K. L. (2006). Human behavior in the social: A multidimensional perspective (3rd, e.d.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole. Bellafiore, D. (2007). DBR Alternatives, Inc. Interpersonal conflict and effective communication. Retrieved February 9, 2008, from drbalternatives.com/articles/cc2.html Burress, L. (2008). Suite101.com. Bridging the communications gap: Communication differences between men and women. Retrieved February 9, 2008, from http://marital-communication.suite101.com/article.cfm/communication_amongst_the_sexes Torppa, C. B., Ph.D., (2002). Family life packet 2002. Gender issues: Communication differences in interpersonal relationships. Retrieved February 9, 2008, from http://ohioline.osu.edu/flm02/FS04.html Research Papers on Gender Communication StylesThe Fifth HorsemanAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementResearch Process Part OnePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThree Concepts of PsychodynamicRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Credit Card Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Credit Card Security - Research Paper Example is known as the Fraud Protection Guarantee, wherein the card holder is free from any fraudulent charges whether the credit card is used on the internet or not. It promotes maximum security because of its secure encryption technology that keeps the cardholders information strictly confidential (americanexpress.com, n. p.). For secure and safe online shopping, MasterCard has its MasterCard Secure Code; it works as having a personal code only known to the cardholder. Visa on the other hand, is also cooking up its own scheme of credit card security measure. counterfeit credit card, which makes up 37 percent of credit card frauds. Criminals who make fake credit cards employ the latest technology to "skim information" that are embedded on the magnetic stripes of the credit card and pass security measures, like holograms ("Credit Card Fraud Statistics and Facts," n. p.). In other words, using credit card online makes you susceptible to all kinds of credit card fraud. One interesting question is how criminals get a hold of your information. Although the most common perception is that credit card info is intercepted once the card is used online. That is an interesting theory, but experts explain that e-commerce has created an environment where anonymity is practiced; meaning cards are being used even without identifiers (Faughnan, n. p.). This could be the one problem that big credit card companies try to address with the code systems of their new security measure program. Another way of stealing a cardholders information is using a particular online business as a front to get credit card info. One common and enticing site is pornography site. Such is designed as a legitimate business, thus can easily asked for a persons credit card information once that person is interested in one of the sites services. This is what is identified as selling information because these are vendors and purchasers that only deal with information and need no physical a ddress for

Would you let this man be a role model for teenage boys Research Paper

Would you let this man be a role model for teenage boys - Research Paper Example If you have teenage boys, who like music or have a talent in music then they would probably have someone like Dr. Dre as their role model. The question is would you allow him to be a role model to teenage boys? To help us answer this question, let us first look at Dr. Dre’s life and judge his values from his success and flaws. Currently, Dr. Dre is associated with a lot of success following his popularity in the music industry as a rapper, producer, and a businessperson. He has been labelled as hip-hop’s first billionaire having successfully signed a billion-dollar deal with Apple Inc. for the acquisition of â€Å"headphone maker and music-streaming service provider Beats Electronics† (Gittleson, par. 4). On the negative side, Dr. Dre has had his share of flaws but most of them are associated with his past. Most of his problems with the law happened in the 1990s, including being arrested for battery of a police officer, involved in a high-speed chase while intoxicated, and assault on fellow producer Damon Thomas (A&E Television Networks). Looking at the brief analysis of Dr. Dre’s values as a role model it is clear that he can be a good role model to teenage boys. His personal character has significantly changed over the years and so has his success. The two seem to have progressed synchronously, which can be used as a good learning point to teenage boys. The fact that his hard work has been a great contributor to his success can also be used as a motivator for teenage boys who would rather be inspired by his success than his